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Solar Panels, the alternative Energy Production For Bunkers and Bomb Shelters

How Do Bunkers Generate Electricity?

November 11 (updated November 16) Published by

Survival bunkers and bomb shelters need reliable electricity sources to be fully functional. If a disaster strikes and everyone has to live there for a while, the right electrical system could save their lives. How do bunkers generate electricity? What options do they have? Here are the main sources that people can choose from — plus the pros and cons.

Generators

Generators are the most common sources of electricity for bunkers and any other power outage situation. The entire mechanism can go underground, which makes it easy to operate and maintain. They also come in various sizes based on how much wattage the building requires, which allows them to fit seamlessly into any home.

This power source converts mechanical energy into electrical charges that flow through an external circuit. The circuit includes a series of insulated wire coils that form a cylinder surrounding an electromagnetic shaft called a rotor. Turning the rotor causes the electrical current to flow through the coils, out of the generator and into electronic devices.

Generators can be stationary or portable, depending on the home’s needs. Stationary generators are bigger and have greater power outputs but are also expensive and more challenging to maintain. Some stationary generators can output as much as 5,000 kilowatts of electricity or more, though an average home won’t need more than 20 on the high end. Portable generators are smaller and more damage-prone, but their mobility gives them a huge advantage in survival situations.

Although generators are most people’s go-to alternatives when the power goes out, they have some challenges to overcome. The biggest problem is constant fuel consumption. Most generators can run for six to eight hours on a full tank, which means they need massive fuel stockpiles to be viable for an extended period.

Generators can run on different fuel sources, each with its advantages and disadvantages:

  • Propane: Propane is the cleanest and most widely available fuel for generators, which makes it easy to create a large cache.
  • Gasoline: Gasoline provides a higher power output and easier refueling options, but high prices make it challenging to stockpile large amounts.
  • Diesel: Diesel is the safest fuel option because it has a longer shelf life and is less combustible than propane or gasoline.
  • Biofuel: Some people make their own biofuels at home, such as biodiesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), but these fuels require a generator conversion.

The other challenge of using a generator is dealing with the noise and exhaust fumes from the engine. Fortunately, there is a sweeping solution to both problems — store the generator inside an isolated room with exhaust venting and sound protection so it doesn’t impact other parts of the bunker.

Despite the noise, pollution and constant need for fuel, generators are still the best options for clean electricity. They have the longest track record of dependability, can last up to 15 years with proper maintenance and are available in countless models. There’s a perfect generator setup for any living situation, including the most advanced survival bunkers.

Solar Power

Solar power is the second-most popular electricity source for bunkers. This alternative is ideal for off-the-grid living as the nation’s power grid deteriorates. The components of a solar power system are much simpler than a generator — photovoltaic panels, charge controller, batteries and power inverter are the four major parts.

The panels are made of semiconductor materials, primarily silicon. They stay aboveground and absorb sunlight to create a clean electric current. The current moves from the panels into the power inverter, which converts it into alternating-current electricity for the home’s appliances. The charge controller prevents harm to the battery from overcharging.

Solar panels are typically cleaner, cheaper and more sustainable than generators. They also allow people to achieve complete energy independence, which might be the deciding factor when choosing a power source for a survival bunker. However, there are still some disadvantages to consider.

Despite their efficiency, solar panel installation and storage can be extremely expensive due to the price of raw materials. The average homeowner pays between $15,000 and $20,000 just to get the system running. However, they can slowly make that money back thanks to lower maintenance costs and electricity bills.

Solar power is also weather-dependent. The system won’t have the same energy output on cloudy and rainy days, which poses a huge problem in survival situations. Bunkers that rely on solar panels could be without electricity during extreme weather events. Other SHTF scenarios, like a nuclear winter, would also render solar panels useless.

Although solar panels provide cleaner electricity and lower operating costs than power generators, they are less reliable for emergencies. Both are great options in their own right, but generators still have a slight edge because of their reliability in any conditions.

Wind Power

Wind power is another renewable energy source that bunkers can use to generate electricity. The setup is similar to solar panels, with wind turbines installed aboveground and the rest of the system underground. The turbine blades collect the wind’s kinetic energy, and a connected drive shaft turns a generator to produce electricity.

The advantages and disadvantages of wind power are much the same as solar panels. They can provide clean electricity and low operating costs, but installation and storage are expensive due to the numerous heavy metal components. Their performance also varies with the weather because they rely on strong winds to produce high amounts of electricity.

Hydropower

Hydropower creates electricity from the kinetic energy of moving water instead of wind. Water flows through the system’s piping and turns a turbine’s blades, which causes the generator to produce electricity. It pairs well with solar and wind power to help buildings meet their peak electricity demands.

The disadvantages of hydropower are the same as wind and solar — high upfront costs and a dependence on the local environment. If the bunker lacks available water reservoirs, then the system is useless. There must be a reliable year-round water source for hydropower systems to be financially and energetically viable.

Pedal Power

The last interesting method for generating electricity in a bunker is pedal power. As the name suggests, someone pedals a bicycle generator to create electricity through raw kinetic energy. It seems like a straightforward solution compared to other power sources, but pedal power is less popular for a reason.

The amount of labor required to provide consistent electricity is too much for most people to handle, especially if they’re living in a bunker. It’s vital to save calories in a survival situation, not burn them. Since generating electricity is so challenging, the system becomes inefficient and the costs outweigh the benefits.

Pedal power systems can also weigh up to 180 pounds, making installing them challenging. However, custom-engineered bunkers with flexible design plans address all these issues by including greenhouse rooms and larger living areas. It’s not the best solution but it can work in the right living situation.

Bunker Owners Have Options

Bunker owners have options when it comes to electricity. Generators and solar panels are the most common solutions, but wind power, hydropower and even pedal power are possible alternatives. People must stay flexible with their design plans to implement any of these power sources if necessary.

Stormwater Runoff is Dangerous for Bunkers

Everything You Need to Know About Stormwater Runoff

November 11 (updated November 13) Published by

Underground bunkers provide protection during nuclear attacks, bombs, adverse weather or other hazardous situations. These enclosed rooms are built underneath the Earth’s surface, offering an escape from dangerous conditions. Bunkers range widely in size and shape, consisting of anything from single rooms to extensive layouts with elevators.

Bunker construction requires attention to many environmental factors, such as stormwater. This water develops from rain or snow and flows over ground. If it becomes polluted, it creates hazards for your underground bunker and the overall environment. Learn more about stormwater runoff and how it can impact your underground bunker.

What Is Stormwater Runoff?

Stormwater runoff is rain or melted snow that runs along the ground. The excess water soaks into the ground, increasing its moisture content. In urban areas, stormwater flows through pavement, parking lots, sidewalks and other manmade paths. During its flow, it can pick up oil, chemicals, or other pollutants before reaching other streams or rivers. Because stormwater is untreated, it passes these pollutants onto existing water systems, increasing hazards.

What Are the Dangers of Stormwater Runoff?

Stormwater runoff poses risks for the environment and underground bunkers in particular. Its interrupted flow and spread of pollutants can expose many to hazards. These are a few stormwater runoff hazards:

  • Water pollution: One of the most significant stormwater dangers is its impact on freshwater and saltwater. Pollutants like sediment, microorganisms, phosphorus and toxic chemicals are often present in stormwater. If it reaches water systems, it can make the water unfit to drink or use recreationally. Underground bunkers and all other infrastructures rely on safe water for drinking, cleaning and bathing.
  • Flooding: Excessive stormwater runoff can also contribute to flooding, which has severe consequences for infrastructure, crops, ecosystems and animals. Earth absorbs stormwater, increasing the water content below the surface. The wetter the ground becomes, the less capable it is of soaking up rainwater in the future. These conditions can lead to increased flooding later. Stormwater can also cause flooding in your underground bunker if it manages to permeate it. Exposure to polluted water can cause further damage and hazards.
  • Erosion: Stormwater can erode waterways and other natural landforms. Erosion disrupts ecosystems, posing serious threats to animals and their habitats. Erosion is also hazardous for underground bunkers — if the land surrounding your bunker wears away, you face increased exposure to the outside elements.

How to Limit Stormwater Runoff in Your Underground Bunker

During construction, you can take measures to limit stormwater runoff and prevent it from damaging your bunker. Many sites impacted by stormwater develop plans to address stormwater before it affects the surrounding environment.

For instance, stormwater pollution prevention plans (SWPPPs) detail the potential for stormwater and the strategies the site will use to combat it. SWPPPs include site descriptions, control methods, response plans, inspection procedures and other related information.

You can use many approaches to address stormwater runoff. Here are a few strategies:

1. Disconnect and Redirect Water

You can adjust your bunker’s surroundings by redirecting stormwater runoff flows. The redirection keeps stormwater away from concrete and other impervious surfaces, limiting its exposure to pollutants.

For instance, you could minimize downspouts. These pipes are connected to houses and other structures, and they direct water toward the street or pavement, which can then reach your underground bunker’s surface.

If you have multiple downspouts attached to your home or nearby places, consider redirecting them away from your underground bunker. It’s best for stormwater runoff to flow toward lawns or gardens so the ground can soak up the water. By pointing the stormwater away from your bunker and towards the landscape, you prevent it from contacting pollutants and accessing your underground structure.

  1. 2. Address Impervious Surfaces

Another way to limit stormwater runoff is by minimizing impervious surfaces. Materials like concrete cannot absorb water, causing stormwater runoff to flow over it and pick up various contaminants. During bunker construction, you should avoid building the structure near significant impervious surfaces like sidewalks.

Another way to address impervious surfaces is by installing permeable surfaces near your bunker. Options like pervious asphalt, concrete and other choices are designed to soak up water. They absorb water and allow it to reach soil and gravel instead of facilitating movement. If you implement these surfaces around your bunker, they can absorb stormwater runoff before it threatens your structure. Professional bunker construction services can help you survey your site and recommend the best positions for installation.

  1. Plant More Trees

Trees are an excellent option for minimizing stormwater runoff. Their leafy canopies serve as resting points for falling rain. Rainwater lands on the leaves instead of concrete surfaces and evaporates after a certain amount of time. This setup restricts stormwater flow and minimizes erosion. In addition, tree roots absorb water and use it to promote growth.

Trees also have positive environmental impacts. They improve air quality by absorbing pollutants through their leaves. They also emit the oxygen necessary for humans to breathe. Many trees gathered in one place can also conceal your bunker, preventing others from finding it.

You can plant trees in the area around your underground bunker to reduce stormwater’s access to your structure. Trees can take many years to reach full maturity, but even small growth can benefit your bunker and the surrounding environment. Research tree types and find options that match your preferences for appearance or functionality.

4. Create a Collection System

In addition to external stormwater solutions, you might want to use  underground structures to minimize its effects. You can build an underground collection system to manage stormwater if it manages to reach your bunker. For instance, collection platforms catch water before it touches your belongings. You can design the platforms to drain water into other ground areas.

Other bunker owners install outlets and inlets that catch and reroute water before it reaches your living space. You can dig these channels above your bunker to prevent the water from moving toward your belongings. The more preparation you take, the better you can handle water when it progresses underground.

5. Use Extra Reinforcements During Construction

If you live in a flood-prone area or expect stormwater runoff to be an issue for your bunker, consider using extra reinforcement or waterproof materials during construction. Underground bunkers can consist of many material types, depending on your selected rooms and layout.

The external structure is commonly made out of steel to provide the most durable protection possible. Layers of concrete surround the structure for complete enclosure. If stormwater rests too long on the concrete, it could degrade the material and eventually enter your bunker. Its entry could damage your structure or personal belongings.

You can add extra reinforcing materials to completely seal your structure and prevent stormwater from entering. Waterproofing options can limit the build-up of standing water. Many people work with professional bunker construction services to design the optimal concrete mix that matches your needs.

Protect Your Bunker From Stormwater Runoff

Using the above suggestions can help you create a safe and secure bunker for your needs. When you’re planning to build your bunker, think about the potential impacts of stormwater runoff, and consider working with a professional construction company to ensure the process goes smoothly.

Steel Vs Concrete Pros And Cons

Deciding Between Concrete and Steel for Your Bunker

November 11 (updated November 13) Published by

A bunker is essential for people to keep themselves safe when disaster strikes. Hurricanes, tornadoes and biological attacks make typical housing vulnerable, so finding a shelter made with quality materials is vital for survival.

When building a bunker, consumers find themselves deciding between concrete and steel. Which option is the best for a shelter? This guide outlines the pros and cons of each and discusses how they can pair together.

What Are the Pros of Steel Bunkers?

Steel is preferred for bunkers because it provides the strength needed for maximum protection. These three pros demonstrate why steel is the superior choice.

Lightweight Durability

The advantages of steel bunkers start with their weight. These shelters are lighter than concrete bunkers, making installing them more manageable. Plus, bunker owners may need to transport their facility to various locations. Lightweight shelters made from steel are much easier to transport if they’re above ground.

Lightweight shelters may make some customers think of compromised durability. However, steel bunkers last a long time. Treating steel with a 150-year rubber coating strengthens steel shelters and ensures minimal maintenance is necessary.

Water Resistance

Moisture is a significant issue regarding bunkers. Over time, rain can compromise a facility by corroding the building materials, leading to leaks, mold and mildew. Steel has the upper hand with water resistance because it’s non-porous, meaning water has difficulty penetrating the metal’s surface.

While steel is strong on its own, bunker owners can make their bunkers even better with galvanized steel. This metal is even stronger in protecting against tornadoes, earthquakes and heavy rain. The auto industry uses galvanized steel for efficiency and synthesis, and the same pros apply to bunkers. Galvanized steel makes shelters more resistant to fire and rust, ensuring the facility’s long-term use.

Flexibility

Homeowners may differ in their needs for bunkers, so steel is the ideal choice for those who need flexibility. Steel contraptions are easier to customize for any needs. For example, people with disabilities may need unique accommodations to fit their needs. They’ll have an easier time customizing their shelter with steel.

Steel is also terrific for bunker owners who want to upgrade. Once the shelter is in place, the facility owner can easily modify it to adapt to any needs. For example, a family may expand the facility to include more people. A community bunker may want to upgrade its tech features around the space. Steel makes customization easier.

What Are the Cons of Steel Bunkers?

Steel bunkers are excellent choices for customers wanting to construct a shelter. However, they do have some cons people should consider.

Expensive

The primary downside to steel bunkers is their cost. They’re more expensive than concrete facilities, creating a roadblock for the average consumer wanting to construct a storm shelter. So, why are steel bunkers more expensive?

The high costs start with the production and installation. Steel shelters have terrific strength and water resistance, but the high quality comes at a price. Production is more expensive because it requires more specialized materials than a typical concrete bunker. Plus, installation is more difficult because they may require welding machines, cranes and other advanced equipment. 

Insulation

Insulation is another drawback of steel bunkers compared to concrete. Steel is a solid heat conductor, helping ovens, boilers and kitchen appliances when heating. However, it’s not always apt for a shelter.

Some situations may force people inside a bunker for days or weeks. In 2005, the U.S. Army needed over a month to eliminate Hurricane Katrina’s floodwaters from New Orleans. It can quickly get stuffy and uncomfortable inside an above-ground shelter during this time. Steel is thinner than concrete, making those inside more susceptible to the weather conditions outside. These shelters require excellent insulation systems to remain safe in the long term.

Steel shelters are best underground because they’ll have ambient temperatures. However, bunker owners can install air conditioning and heaters to increase comfort levels.

Noise

The thinner walls make steel a liability for temperature and noise. Inside the shelter, noise from people and machines will reflect off the walls. The inhabitants may have difficulty concentrating on the tasks ahead of them if they can’t think straight. Compromised communication and sleep lead to more problems besides the disaster itself.

Bunker owners can make modifications if necessary. Installing soundproofing materials like fiberglass or foam makes the steel shelter much better at absorbing sound than reflecting it. Installing steel bunkers underground also assists in decreasing noise levels.

What Are the Pros of Concrete Bunkers?

Concrete is another option for bunker customers. While steel is often the superior material, concrete does have some advantages. Here are three pros of building a concrete shelter.

Affordability

The first advantage is cost. Concrete bunkers tend to be cheaper because the materials are less expensive. Concrete requires cement, water and various aggregates for bunker construction. Bunker customers also get more price stability with concrete compared to steel. The last few years have seen volatile steel prices, leading to higher shelter costs.

Concrete can also be beneficial based on local availability. The average consumer has easier access to a local concrete producer than steel. Metal facilities may require transportation across long distances before building.

Weight

Concrete tends to be heavier than steel, which has pros and cons. The advantages of a heavyweight shelter include increased blast resistance. Concrete does an excellent job of absorbing shock waves and reducing the impact people feel inside the shelter.

Shelters using concrete contain cement similar to what people drive on the road. Cement is durable and lasts long despite heavy traffic, making it an excellent material for building a storm shelter. Bombs or other explosives have more difficulty penetrating concrete walls, making it a workable option for a shelter.

Easy Installation

Concrete bunkers are typically cheaper because of the materials and the installation. The bunker architect can mold the concrete on-site, whereas steel parts are usually manufactured in an off-site facility and brought to the bunker’s location. Transportation is more manageable, making the costs lower. The shelter builders also have more flexibility when designing the bunker because it’s easier to customize. Steel may require cutting and welding to achieve the desired outcomes.

What Are the Cons of Concrete Bunkers?

While they have some advantages, concrete bunkers have a few drawbacks that consumers should consider.

Weaker Infrastructure

Concrete is strong, but it does suffer from brittleness. Brittle concrete has lower tensile strength, making it less flexible under stress. The shelter will begin to crack if there is too much pressure. Concrete’s toughness is better for compressive strength, leading many construction teams to use it for beams and columns.

However, its tensile strength is typically insufficient to be a long-lasting solution for bunkers. If debris starts flying through the air, concrete shelters will only hold up for so long.

Moisture

High-quality storm shelters must protect the people inside from torrential rain. Unfortunately, concrete bunkers don’t hold up as well as steel facilities. Concrete is vulnerable to moisture whenever it rains. It’s far more porous than steel, allowing water to seep inside. The moisture causes the cement to crack, thus risking collapse for the entire bunker. In this situation, the shelter becomes more of a liability than a safety measure.

Concrete bunker owners can mitigate the damage by using waterproof materials. For example, they can use epoxy, bitumen or polyurethane to seal cracks in the concrete and make it stronger. They can make it easier to maintain a concrete shelter over the years.

Environmental Concerns

Sustainability is a significant concern for many customers, extending to underground bunkers. Concrete and steel production have environmental impacts that are worth considering before purchasing a bunker. The exact carbon footprint of each depends on the transportation used and the manufacturing process. However, concrete production tends to be worse for the planet.

Cement production leads to heavy amounts of toxic substances released into the environment. These substances, such as sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide, can cause respiratory issues in people. Plus, concrete also has a negative reputation for its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The energy-intensive process might not be a great selection for the environmentally conscious.

Can Bunkers Use Steel and Concrete?

Bunker customers typically pick between steel and concrete, but they can use both materials. Concrete generally is not recommended as a bunker material on its own. However, covering steel bunkers with concrete is an excellent way to get the best of both worlds. Concrete encasements add durability and longevity by insulating the steel and protecting the metal from blasts. 

Choosing Between Concrete and Steel Bunkers

Building a bunker is an excellent choice to protect families and communities from disaster. Storm shelters provide much flexibility in design, allowing customers to determine the facility’s materials, size and amenities.

Steel and concrete are among the most popular options for bunkers, with steel being the better choice. Concrete is best as extra protection when combined with steel. Leaving concrete as the only safeguard against explosions and weather is not recommended.

Can a Bomb Shelter Keep Your Vehicle Safe as Well?

November 11 (updated November 11) Published by

Bomb shelters are a valuable asset during times of chaos. These underground bunkers protect people from bombs, treacherous weather and other dangerous events. During crises, people want to protect their belongings — so what about fitting a car inside a bomb shelter? Can the facility protect cars, trucks and SUVs? Bunkers with the proper features can shield these vehicles from outside vehicles. This guide details how bomb shelters keep vehicles safe.

Can a Bomb Shelter Keep Vehicles Safe?

Yes, bomb shelters can keep vehicles safe. These above-ground or underground facilities have incredible strength to withstand bombs, nuclear attacks and other deadly events. Their durability protects cars, too — as long as they fit inside the facility.

The most pertinent bunker features protecting cars include:

  • Blast resistance: The primary objective of a bomb shelter is to protect internal components from blasts. An outside force could detonate lethal explosives like a nuclear bomb, so the facility must face these situations. Building shelters with reinforced construction significantly helps the cause.
  • Secured walls: Bombs and storms are obvious threats, but bunker owners must be aware of human dangers. People outside and inside the bomb shelter could infiltrate the facility and damage vehicles, so having security cameras is essential. Modern bunkers typically have security cameras lining the perimeter to give shelter administrators peace of mind.
  • Security cameras: Bombs and storms are obvious threats, but bunker owners must be aware of human threats. People outside and inside the bomb shelter could infiltrate the facility and damage vehicles, so having security cameras is essential. Modern bunkers typically have security cameras lining the perimeter to give shelter administrators peace of mind.
  • Generators: Power is vital inside a bunker and might not always be available. Bomb shelters require generators to keep the lights on and to help vehicles inside. Some bunker owners may have electric vehicles (EVs) requiring daily or weekly charges. EVs typically need 7.2 kilowatts of electricity using a level 2 charger.
  • Air Filtration: People and cars inside the bomb shelter need protection from harmful air, so many bunkers have nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) air filters. These systems filter 99% of contaminants to make the air breathable inside.

What Bomb Shelters Fit Cars?

People considering building or acquiring a bomb shelter should consider which bunkers protect vehicles. Their investment now could pay dividends later during a lethal attack. These bomb shelters are large and strong enough to cover most vehicles.

Above-Ground Shelters

Some builders choose to put their bomb shelters above ground. These facilities are easier to spot from the sky, so the architects must emphasize structural integrity even more. Above-ground shelters typically have multiple layers of steel and concrete to maximize protection from the outside.

Constructing an above-ground shelter is easier for builders and bunker owners storing vehicles. They’ll need at least one entry and exit point for their cars leaving the facility. Architects must also ensure the bomb shelter is large enough to fit machines, like generators, inside the building or the designated garage.

Underground Shelters

Underground shelters often are better than above-ground bunkers because of their structural integrity and fallout protection. Strong blasts, radiation and even floodwaters have a harder time harming underground bunkers because of these advantages. Such features make underground shelters attractive for storing cars.

Another advantage of underground bunkers is their secrecy. These shelters are ideal for storing expensive sports cars or vehicles with advanced security features. Like above-ground shelters, underground shelters require enough size to fit the vehicles and entry and exit points. However, they’ll need increased ventilation because of their limited access to fresh air.

Luxury Shelters

Some people who want a bunker go all out to protect themselves, their family and their cars. They’ll purchase luxury bomb shelters with 22 beds, a gym, a storage room, a greenhouse, workshops and a garage. Luxury bunkers are excellent choices for those needing to stay in one place for extended stretches.

These luxury compounds are ideal for large families or multiple groups staying together because they can easily fit about five vehicles. Plus, there’s plenty of room for tools, workbenches and other stations for car maintenance. Luxury shelters are a significant financial investment but are worth every penny when disaster strikes.

What Do Vehicles Need Inside Bomb Shelters?

Getting the vehicle inside the shelter is only half the battle. Bunker owners must take precautions and ensure their cars are ready to use. These six components are necessary for protecting vehicles inside the compound.

Size

The bunker’s size is the first component owners must figure out. Any bomb shelter fitting a car must have designated spaces for the vehicles. Luxury bunkers have special sections for a garage, but others might not have this opportunity. The shelter could be a single large room, so the inhabitants must carve out an area large enough to store at least one vehicle.

Insulation

People need heating and cooling throughout the year to survive, as do your vehicles. Insulating a bomb shelter garage means cleaning walls, filling gaps and installing insulation throughout the facility between. By their nature, garage doors can allow outside air to enter into the building, so making sure the door properly closes and seals is key.

External motorcaves add an additional layer of protection between the inside of your shelter and the outside air while still allowing your vehicles to enter and exit safely if need be. Cars can suffer mechanical issues if exposed to extreme temperatures over a significant period of time, so insulating the facility is essential for remaining comfortable and operational. Concrete is often a popular choice for extra insulation because of its density and durability, maintaining a consistent range of temperature year-round.

Humidity Protection

Poor ventilation leads to uncomfortable conditions for the people and the cars inside. Discomfort can lead to unwanted outcomes for the vehicles, especially if the culprit is humidity. Moist air is one of the worst fears for vehicle owners because it causes problems throughout the vehicle.

First, humidity affects the paint job. Moisture causes paint to peel because the car traps moisture underneath. Water droplets can lead to mold and mildew growth if they’re on the vehicle for a long time. Moisture causes the most significant problems once it reaches the car’s metal parts. Over time, water will cause rust and damage the components. Without warning, the pieces could fail and endanger everyone inside the vehicle.

Bunker owners must protect their facility from humidity by installing dehumidifiers in the garage, repairing leaks and performing routine maintenance on their ventilation systems. They should also regularly inspect their vehicles for rust formations. 

Air Filter

Storing vehicles inside the shelter requires strong air filters because of their tailpipe emissions. When the motor runs, cars emit dangerous gases that can travel throughout the bunker if the operators aren’t careful. Air filters, such as the NBC air filtration unit, are necessary for protecting all inhabitants.

Carbon Monoxide Detector

Running vehicles in enclosed spaces increases the risk of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. CO is tasteless, colorless and odorless, so there’s no way for people to detect it on their own. Cranking a car’s ignition emits CO and can be deadly in enclosed spaces. Bomb shelters with vehicles must have CO detectors to protect everybody inside.

A high CO concentration only needs five minutes to be lethal, emphasizing the importance of CO detectors. If CO doesn’t kill, it can cause discomfort and unwanted symptoms. Some signs of CO poisoning include headaches, weakness, chest pain and vomiting.

Stormwater Protection

During torrential storms, bringing vehicles inside for protection is essential. Strong winds, rain and tornadoes can destroy cars and damage other objects in the area. Cars are also vulnerable inside the bunker because of stormwater. Bomb shelters can have stormwater runoff and risk flooding and water pollution. Over time, the bunker and the vehicles risk erosion.

Fortunately, bunker owners have ways to mitigate stormwater runoff. For example, they can construct a collection system or use trees to capture rain. While concrete is helpful for protection, it could become a liability because it can’t absorb water. Bunker owners should consider pervious concrete if their area is prone to heavy rain.

Creating a Car Safe Haven

Bunkers primarily protect humans, but they can shield valuable belongings, too. While cars, trucks and SUVs are sizeable, extensive underground bunkers are large enough to store these machines comfortably and protect them from outside threats. When indoors, vehicles need protection from blasts, humidity and stormwater. Bunker owners must also protect the people inside from CO and other dangers.

Community Storm Shelter

What’s the Difference Between a Safe Room and a Storm Shelter?

November 10 Published by

Many homeowners seek ways to protect their loved ones and property from the dangers of severe storms. Safe rooms and storm shelters are two common solutions for dealing with unpredictable weather. While many people often use these terms interchangeably, they have some significant differences.

Storms, tornadoes, hurricanes and other severe weather events are becoming more common. By October 2023, the United States had already experienced 24 extreme weather events, costing the government over $1 billion in repairs. This figure surpasses the record of 22 in 2020. Because of this rise in dangerous circumstances, it’s best to prepare so you can protect yourself and your family.

Safe Rooms: A Closer Look

Safe rooms are fortified areas within a house to protect against severe weather events, such as tornadoes or hurricanes. These rooms can withstand powerful winds and debris, ensuring the safety of those inside. You can retrofit safe rooms into existing homes or integrate them into new constructions.

Safe rooms are typically part of the house’s existing layout, often resembling a closet, bathroom or basement. Their positioning within the home ensures easy accessibility during an emergency. Safe rooms are constructed using heavy-duty materials, such as concrete or steel. Walls, ceilings and doors can endure high winds, flying debris and even minor structural damage.

Safe rooms often feature ventilation systems, lighting and communication tools and are sometimes stocked with non-perishables, ensuring safety and comfort during a storm.

Benefits of Safe Rooms

Safe rooms have the following benefits:

  • Protection from flying debris: Their solid construction helps shield occupants from potentially deadly projectiles during storms.
  • Convenience: Safe rooms offer the primary benefit of being readily accessible within the home. This accessibility is ideal for families seeking a swift and secure refuge during severe weather.
  • Comfort: Safe rooms often include ventilation, lighting and communication systems, offering a more comfortable environment for occupants during extended periods of sheltering.
  • Customization: You can tailor your safe room to suit your family’s needs and preferences, allowing for design elements that align with your home’s aesthetics. You can upgrade them to include additional features like storage shelving, generators, bunk beds, air filtration systems and even toilets. You can also get concealed built-in gun vaults for added protection.
  • Year-round use: Safe rooms can also double as storage spaces or functional rooms in your home when not needed for storm protection.
  • Affordability: Integrating a safe room into an existing structure may be more cost-effective since you can utilize the building’s structural elements. Costs can vary based on size, location and features.
  • Protection during break-ins: A significant advantage of a safe room is its ability to provide protection from potential intruders. They have reinforced walls and locks, making them a secure refuge during home invasions or other security threats. In 2019, approximately 1 million burglaries occurred in the U.S. In times of danger, occupants can seek safety in these rooms, knowing they have a secure space to protect themselves and their valuables.
  • Increased property value: Safe rooms are valuable additions to residences, and their presence can be an attractive selling point for future buyers. Homebuyers often view safe rooms as an investment in their family’s safety and security, making the property more appealing. Some homeowners may even qualify for insurance discounts or incentives, further enhancing the economic value.
  • Security for valuables: Safe rooms offer a secure location to house valuable belongings, documents and cherished items. This added layer of protection can be particularly beneficial for homeowners with assets they want to keep safe from natural disasters and theft.

Storm Shelters: A Closer Look

Storm shelters are standalone structures designed solely for protection during severe weather. Unlike safe rooms, they are typically located outside the house or as a separate building on the property.

Storm shelters are above-ground or below-ground. Above-ground storm shelters are often pre-fabricated and installed near the home. Below-ground shelters are dug into the ground, offering protection from wind and flying debris.

Storm shelters consist of robust materials and thick walls capable of withstanding strong winds and debris impact. These shelters generally feature reinforced doors and ventilation systems. Some models may serve other functions, such as storage space or even an additional living area.

Benefits of Storm Shelters

Storm shelters offer the following benefits:

  • Accessibility: Storm shelters extend their benefits to individuals who may not have a safe room within their homes, providing a dedicated space for protection.
  • Multipurpose use: Some storm shelters offer more than a secure space for safety, serving as an additional living area or storage space.
  • Independence from home structure: Storm shelters are less dependent on the structural integrity of your home, which can be crucial in situations where your home may not be safe to remain in due to damage or flooding.
  • Location flexibility: You can position storm shelters strategically to minimize flooding risks, as they’re not confined to the layout of your home. They’re adaptable to a variety of terrains and property sizes.
  • Easy to install: Storm shelters are relatively simple to install. You can place standalone storm shelters in a yard, offering convenient and quick access without requiring major structural modifications to an existing building. This advantage makes them a suitable option for homeowners who want to avoid making changes to their homes.
  • Peace of mind: Knowing you have a dedicated and specialized structure for storm protection provides a sense of security, especially in disaster-prone areas.
  • Financial incentives: In some regions, governments offer financial incentives or rebates to encourage the installation of storm shelters. These incentives can help offset the initial costs, making them a more cost-effective choice.
  • Easy relocation: You can move above-ground storm shelters, offering flexibility if you decide to change the shelter’s location or take it with you if you move to a new property. This portability can be an advantage, especially for those in rental homes or planning to move in the future.
  • Protection from windborne objects: Windborne objects cause the most tornado damage, and while most above-ground shelters are sturdy, below-ground shelters offer extra protection.
  • Low maintenance requirements: Storm shelters usually require minimal maintenance. They can endure harsh weather conditions, and their materials ensure their durability. This durability means that once installed, there’s little upkeep necessary to keep the shelter in good working condition.
  • Scalability: If you have a growing family or need to accommodate more people during an emergency, upgrading your storm shelter or adding additional units to meet your needs is relatively easy.
  • Community safety initiatives: Community storm shelters contribute to a broader safety network in regions prone to disasters. They offer protection for individuals who may not have access to private shelters and can be a vital resource during emergencies.

Choosing the Right Option for You

Choosing between a safe room and a storm shelter depends on your specific needs and circumstances.

A safe room integrated into your home may be the better choice if you’re looking for versatile protection that can serve in various emergencies. It offers the convenience of easy access during emergencies, potentially lower costs and can also provide peace of mind against weather-related threats and intruders.

If your primary concern is protecting your family during extreme weather events, a dedicated storm shelter may be preferable. While it may involve higher initial costs and require going outside to access, it’s specifically engineered to withstand storms, ensuring maximum protection when tornadoes or hurricanes strike.

Choosing between a safe room and a storm shelter should be based on your unique circumstances and the hazards most prevalent in your area.

Prioritize Your Safety

While both safe rooms and storm shelters provide valuable protection from extreme weather events, their differences lie in their intended purpose, construction standards, cost and accessibility. Understanding these distinctions can help individuals and communities make informed choices about the type of protection that best suits their needs. Either way, your safety should be a top priority.

Bunker Flooring Carpet Picture

What Goes Into Selecting the Best Bunker Flooring?

November 10 (updated November 10) Published by

What Goes Into Selecting the Best Bunker Flooring?

While most survival bunkers and bomb shelters are meant to be minimalistic, a little extra comfort goes a long way. If an emergency situation occurs and a whole family has to stay in the bunker for an extended period of time, they’ll be grateful for a cozy and home-like flooring option. This guide goes through the whole process of selecting and installing new bunker floors.

Key Factors to Consider

Survival bunkers are supposed to be functional first and foremost. It’s not a good idea to install new floors just because they match the bunker’s design. Although appearances are important, the flooring material needs to cover a wider range of characteristics.

These factors should play the biggest roles in the final decision:

  • Square footage: The bunker’s square footage is the biggest determining factor of the flooring’s price. Each type of flooring material has a different rate per square foot.
  • Foot traffic: Bunkers experience constant foot traffic. It’s important to choose a durable flooring material that can withstand a heavy load.
  • Moisture resistance: All of the bunker’s water and drainage pipes are directly underneath the floors or behind the walls. Bunkers should also be at least 36 inches below the surface, which means they’re surrounded by underground moisture. A moisture-resistant flooring material is ideal.
  • Comfortability: Bunkers need to be comfortable or else the occupants will quickly get tired of the place. Choose a flooring material that enhances the room’s livability.
  • Long-term maintenance: Think about the flooring material’s long-term sustainability. Low-maintenance materials will be easier to manage and give the bunker fewer problems down the road.

It’s also important to consider the flooring installation process. Since the project will take place in an unconventional setting, some unconventional steps are required.

Bunker Flooring Installation Steps

Since this project is smaller than most other floor installations, it should only take about a week to complete the necessary steps. These are the most important steps to installing new floors in an underground bunker.

1.    Reinforce the Foundation

Underground floor installations often require the builders to reinforce the surrounding foundation. Survival bunkers should have two main layers beneath the flooring — a concrete foundation and a waterproof coating to prevent leaks. Shelters also need metal beams to prevent cave-ins and walls up to three feet thick to protect against radiation.

If the bunker is located in an earthquake-prone area, it might even be necessary to install foundational features that redistribute seismic waves such as cross braces and moment-resisting frames.

2.    Verify the New Floor’s Height

Before doing anything else, the new floor’s height must be verified. The height must align with the bunker’s door frame to ensure smooth opening and closing. Doing careful measurements will also ensure that the floor is completely level, with no slopes or divots. However, perfect measurements are impossible.

It’s always better to err on the lower side. If the floors are a little too low, the installers can always add a threshold to fill up the empty space under the door. But if the floors are too high, the entire door frame needs to be adjusted.

3.    Add the Subfloor and Underlayment

Once the height gets verified, it’s time to add the subfloor and underlayment. These additional layers provide a flat and structurally sound surface for the main floor layer. Subfloors are typically made of plywood because of the material’s strength and elasticity. The underlayment goes above the subfloor and directly beneath the main floor layer.

4.    Establish a Consistent Temperature

Every type of flooring material has specific temperature conditions that help them settle into their new environment. It’s important to maintain these conditions during the main floor layer’s installation to prevent warping. The installers might even ask to keep the temperature the same throughout the entire project.

5.    Add the Main Floor Layer

Now it’s time to add the main floor layer. The installers have to establish a cutting area so they can cut specific tile shapes to fit the bunker’s design. The cutting area should be a hard surface with adequate lighting and access to an electrical outlet. This step is usually the fastest part of the project.

Best Flooring Materials for Bunkers

Bunker owners will be hard-pressed to find a flooring option that checks all of the boxes, but a handful of materials come close to perfection. Let’s go through the best flooring options for underground survival bunkers and bomb shelters.

1.    Hardwood

Hardwood is a popular flooring option for bunkers and other survival-focused buildings, such as remote cabins and off-the-grid homes. It can handle decades of constant foot traffic, which makes it ideal for small contained areas. It’s also the most eco-friendly option, consisting of 100% natural ingredients.

The main downside of hardwood floors is their susceptibility to water damage. However, staining the floors instead of painting them will give them more moisture resistance. A stain finish seeps deeper into the wood, which seals up vulnerable areas and increases the floor’s lifespan in the process.

2.    Carpeting

Wool or nylon carpets can give otherwise gloomy survival bunkers a cozy atmosphere. Moisture isn’t a problem because dehumidifiers, fans and other simple tools can help to remove water from the fabric. Carpeting handles heavy traffic well, but its lifespan is typically just eight to ten years because of the soft build.

Carpets also attract dust, dirt and other allergens. Air quality could become an issue later down the road. That’s why it’s crucial for all survival bunkers to have ultra-low penetration air filters. ULPA filters remove 99.999% of airborne particles and keep the bunker’s limited air supply clean.

3.    Ceramic

Ceramic flooring is a simple combination of stone, clay and water. These ingredients are naturally resistant to heat and moisture, which makes ceramic flooring a fantastic choice for underground bunkers. It can even be molded into different shapes to fit the bunker’s interior design. Glazed ceramic has a rough texture, while unglazed is smooth and reflective.

However, ceramic tiles often show signs of scratching, cracking and chipping if the foot traffic gets too rough. Families with young children and pets might want to pursue another option. It’s impossible to repair these types of damage with everyone trapped inside a bunker. The only solution is to replace the broken tiles with new ones.

4.    Concrete

Concrete is the main flooring material for most underground rooms because of its ability to control temperatures. Concrete has a high thermal mass, which allows it to absorb and slowly release heat into the surrounding environment. Bunkers with concrete floors will have no issue staying cool and comfortable.

Concrete floors are also highly customizable, with an endless variety of colors, patterns and textures. Installation can be tricky, though. It’s crucial to completely seal and polish the concrete during installation to prevent it from absorbing moisture. If concrete gets too much moisture, it will start to crack.

5.    Vinyl

Vinyl plank flooring is an alternative to hardwood floors. It consists of polyvinyl chloride sheets, multiple protective layers and an outer shell that resembles hardwood. Easy customization is the best feature of vinyl flooring. Custom floors will create a home-like atmosphere inside the bunker and make the place more hospitable.

Vinyl’s multi-layered design also makes it highly resistant to all kinds of damage. It also provides more comfortable underfoot cushioning, which is ideal for high-traffic areas. The only two long-term maintenance requirements are vacuuming and cleaning. Completing these simple tasks will allow vinyl floors to last for decades without issue.

Find Your Ideal Bunker Flooring

Installing new floors is one of the biggest steps of building an underground bunker. Many factors can influence the choice of material, but the most important thing is longevity. Consider the required installation steps and the different types of flooring materials, then make an informed decision. There’s no such thing as being too careful when it comes to building a survival shelter.